Europe is once again seeing a surge of COVID-19 cases — here is our summary of the measures being taken across the continent.
In some parts, the increase has been compounded by the emergence of the new Omicron variant, first detected in South Africa.
Some countries have taken steps targeting the unvaccinated, while programmes are also being rolled out in several nations to vaccinate young children.
Germany will limit private gatherings to 10 people and close nightclubs ahead of the new year as the country faces a "massive fifth wave" of COVID-19 due to omicron.
Large events such as football matches will be held without an audience as part of new restrictions that will come into effect on 28 December.
Restrictions already in place target mainly
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